Relay



Aug. 28, 1928.

C. G. HARWIG RELAY Aug. 28, 192s.

' C. G. HARWIG RELAY Filed NOV. 16. 1922 i l UIHHIIIIHIIH im 2Sheets-Sheet 2 /NVENTQR applicability,

vided on, a vehicle ofthe train, structed so asto Vof the train.

CARL e. HARWIG, or GameGain-rivers, assenorrro THEREGAN sarnrvfnnvrcnscorirAnY, rnc., or

Appneanen insane-Ie This vinvention relates tol particular reference yespecially tor relay. design ed trol systems, as

trol system tori to the tor. example ningl the sub] copendingapplication et A.

rial No. 506,595,

A prime desi tion comprehen insane TES PM-Eli? @FFME-1 NEW YORK, Y., ACORPQRATGN ,OF NEVI. YORK.

, RELAY.

a relay, and has provision ot use iii-train conin the train conectmatter ot the G. Shaver,l Sederatum et my present invenfcapable otpositive `and rap producing circ mechanism.

uit chan ges ds the pro-vision et a relay id operation 'jor in traincontrol In the traincontrol systems to ivhiclithe present invention hasparticular by mechanism the latter cording to one located eink traincontrol mechanism is Aproand is conbe iniliienced automatically alonglthe roadside,

e; controlled operative for the train, `to

type ot' train control system,

the road-side mechanism .c

pla-cedV at Vintervals al train ca mittently astlie train moves over Inthis intermittent type ot train tem when the trai at intervals intocooper roadside operating me ating upon a transmits a roa omprises meansong the track for operrried mechanism interthe roadhed. control sysncarried mechanism moves ative relation with the chanism, the latterdside condition to the vehicle carried mechanism;` and tr 'forming partanslating means f the vehicle carried mechanism is provi led 'fortranslating such condition to produce a gi as tor `example tor.

of brake settingl elements to located in ven traincontrol etlect,

effecting; the

operation apply the brakes The translating means .usually lay lycontrolled by the roa said relay, operating to ried circuits Which,dover the brake setting means.

a circuit directdside mechanism, the iiect other train carn theoperation ot In these intermittent train control systems the period ofc'oloperation between th e roadside mechanism 'and the train controlmechanismiscomparatively short, an relatively high this period is. verytore, Which acts as the roadside conditions to to respond be constructedand surety to so as the operation speeds,

brief.

the mean as is mechanism Within a brief p ot the latter, th

e reliability o when the train is moving at usually the case,

TheV relay, theres vfor translating' the vehicle, must with rapidity otthe roadside eriod oi. activity t' the entire t 'ain Q lating relay..

llight-inciting armature being meer 1e, i922, sensi No. 601,385.`

controlsystem being largely dependent upon this quick and positivebehaviour ot the trans'- ln the designing ot a relay vvhich possessesthedesired positiveness andrapidity' otaction to'meet the servicedemands in `these train control systems, it is requisite that the movingelement ot the relay such ,asl the armature possess little inertiapandbe so mounted and supported as to respond sensitively and quickly tochanges in Y lay which are sudden and of short duration corresponding tothe changes the brief periodot cooperation between the vehicle carriedmechanism and the roadside mechanism ot the fsystem. in producing` arelay having thedesired action resides in the necessity of providing `afield magnetic Vcircuit which has little reluctance. so that themagnetic lield produced is correspondingly, s -rong and ot siiilicientVstrength tov cause the armatureto respond rapidly and unmistakably tothe action thereof, Withthe armature and the-field so interrelated as toprovide aconstruction capable ofpositively controlling movableelectrical contact means governing the vehiclecircuits. Toprodiicearelayy in Which'these constructional and operative characteristic-sare-present in a high degree is a principal obj ectotmy presentinvention. c j 1 Y The principal objects of my present invention may besaid to include, besides theprovision ot a relay having-thecharacteristics and capable `of referred to in Which 'the armaturecomprises a coil movableto active and inactive positions, they said coilbeing so constructed as topossess little inertia and being so mountedasto be very sensitive lin operation, the said 'coilbeif'ng movable in amagnetic field produced magnetic circuit ot very low reluctance, Withthe constructionsuch that the coilalonecom- `prises vthe movableelement, the Whole mag- Janother factor producing the` results above.

.6.5 the magnetic field-ot the re- ,I

the further provisionot a relay netic circuit bein'cgtormed ofstationaryrele- Y field and a very thu-s combined; the'further provisionota relay ot this nature ments, an exceeding strong in Whichthecoil isvarranged in tlie'niagnetic Jfield so as to be movable trom aninactive-to a the selective energization otthe this naturein.ivliiehthefarmature coil isA pluralityot active positions therein,dependl to be defined Anormallyheld in a neutral or inactive position bymeans of contact elements actuated by motion of the armature coil to itsactive positions; and the further provision of. a relay in which theparts are so interrelated and associated as to provide an inexpensive,efiicient, strong and quickly assemblable construction. Y l

To the accomplishment of the 'foregoing and such other objects mayhereinafter appear, my invention consists in the elements and theirrelation one to the other, as hereinafter more particularly describedand sought lin the claims; referencel being had to the accompanyingdrawing which shows preferred embodiments of my invention, and in which:f

Fig. 1 is a front elevational view of my relay with partsfshown incross-section,

F 2 is an elevational View thereof taken 1 in cross-section on the line2 2. Fig. 1, o

ings, and the armature positions,

f 16, the said frame 3 is a plan view thereof shown on a reduced scale,

Fig. 4 is a plan view taken in cross-section on the line 4-4, Fig. 1,and Fig. 5 is across-sectional view of a modification. f Y

Referring now more in detail to the drawings, the relay of my inventioncomprises primarily the field magnet A and the armature B, the fieldmagnet comprising in the form shown in Figs.`1 to 4 of the drawingsafield coil l0 provided withv a held core having a horizontal branch 11upon which the field coil is wound, two vertical upstanding branches 12,vand inwardly andV op'positely directed branches 13 terminating inoppositely positioned pole faces 14, the said erably made of laminationsof thin iron as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 4 of the draw- B comprisinga winding or coil 15 arranged between the pole faces 14 of the magnetcore and movable therebetween from an inactive to one or more active aswill be described hereinafter. As heretofore referred to, a principalobject of my present invention coniprehends the provision of a relaywhich is positive and rapid inaction in response to operating infiuencessuch asV are met with in service in train control systems. To provide aYrelay possessing the desired constructional andoperativecharacteristics, comprises the movable element of the relay isconstructed so as to possess little inertia, and is so mounted formovement as to be very sensitive in itsaction when operated. To theseends the coil 15 is wound upon a light frame being rockably mounted on acradle frame 17 made of some non-magnetic material suchas brass, which.cradle frame isattached to the branches 13 of the field core andprovided withV the opposed trunnion'screws 18 on which the coil frame'lGis journalled' for AWith this constructiomit willvbe seen core beingvprefthe armature which.

oscillating movement. The

lea-d posts 19 carried by the frame, these movable elementsl combinedlypossessing a minimum of mass and inertia.

As heretofore referred to, another factor co-related tothe production ofan armature coil of low inertia for producing a relay having the desiredaction resides in the desirability of providing a field magnetic circuitwhich has litt-le reluctance, so. that the magnetic. field produced iscorrespondingly strong and of sufficient strength to cause the armatureto'respond rapidly to` the controlling conditions. To produce amagnetic' circuit oflow reluctance while at the same time permitting theutilization of` a movable armature armature coil, I 'provide astationary core piece 2G located within the\coil 15 and stationarilycarried by the cradle frame 17, and being attached theretoas by meansof. the rivets-21 (see Fig. 4), the central core piece 2O being alsopreferably made ofV laminated sheet iron as clearlyshown in Fig. 2 ofthe drawings,'the said core forming part of the magnetic circuitprovided by the magnet core branches 11, 12 and 13, the magneticcircuit, which includesvthe core branches and central core piece beingsubstantially continuous with the exception of the smallair gaps betweenlthe central core piece 16 and the pole faces 14, the coil 15 beingmovable in these air gaps. that the elements comprising the entiremagnetic circuit are made not only to provide low reluctance, but aremade stationary, none of the elements making up the magnetic circuitbeing movable with the armature coil, and by this means the armaturecoilV is so inter-related with the magnet field as to effect aconstruction in which a small inertia of the moving parts is combinedwith astrong magnetic field.

For supporting the fieldmagnet and armature elements of my relay, Ipreferably provino a plurality, such as four, spaced brackets 22 whichare attached to the vertical branches 12 of the magnet core as by meansof the rivets 23, the field magnet 4A'and the armature B being thuscarried by the brackets; and for housing these lparts of the relay,Iprovide a casing including the casing body 23 and the casing cover 24,the brackets 22 being carried'by the cover 24, the said bracketsbeprovided to this end with the horizontal top portions 25 which areattached to'the ccver'24 as by means Y of the bolts or similar V`seemingelements 26. The supporting brackconsisting only of the Y tion the fieldAare provided one shown in the yfor producing the neutral position oFor' operating the; contact elements by movement of the armature coil 15each of the contact fingers B/l is provided with a button 36 which isarranged for engagingthe coil frame 16, the buttons, 3G of set J and thebuttonsl 3G of set J being arranged ,so as to act in opposition on thecoil frame 16 as clearly shown in Fig, 1 of the drawings, the conistruction being: such that the contact fingers 34 and the buttonsBGattached thereto normally urge or bias the armature coil frame 1Gl andthe coil thereon to the neutral or in4 activeposition shownin thedrawings. lilith this `construction it will be appa-rent that when thecoil 15 is energized so as to roclr the same in clockwise direction vasviewed in Fig'. 1, the' Contact fingersk 34 of the set J Will be raisedinto engagement vvitlrt-he contactr elements 132 thereof to closexthecircuit yor circuits controlled by these contact elements, and that uponenergization of the armature coil 15in the opposite direction, thesaidcoil willv be rocked in a counter-'clockwise direction toraise'thecontact fingers 34C and buttons 36 of the set J into contactingengagement with the contacts 32 thereof to operateV the circuitscontrolled thereby.

relay parts, When either or both of the field and armaturecoils 10andl15 is deenergized, the armature coil 15 assumes a neutral orinactivey position in the magnetic field, as shown in the figures, andWhen both the field and armature coils 10 and 15 -are energized, thearmature coil 15 is'moved to an active posi tion for controllingoperating circuits. The field coil 10 is` connected bymeans of theterminal leads 29 to binding posts 30 which are carried by the casingcover 24 as clearly drawings, and the armature Winding 15 isconnectedvto the binding posts, 31 also carried by the cover 24. vbymeans o the conductors 32 leading lfrornthe binding posts 31 to theterminal posts 19 carried by the coil frame`16. `Although either thecoil 10 or the coil 15 may be in a deenergized state i f the arin thepreferred method'of opera-- coil 10 is always in an energized state, thebinding postsSO being connected to an uninterrupted source of energy andthe armature coil 15 is selectivelyenergized in accordance withcontrolling conditions, thel binding posts 31 being; to this endconnecte to the controlling circuit. V`With lthis construction it-,willbe'seen that upon selective energization of the armature coil 15the'coil will be'moved from rits neutral or inactive position to anactive posit-ion, and in the relay disclosedin Figs. 1 to 4, l show aconstruction in which the armature coil may be moved toV one ofaplurality of active positions depending upon the manner of energizationthereof,

mature coil,

he relay of my construction is applicable equally with Adirect andalternating current, 'and Where adirect current is used a change in `thedirection of rotation of the armature. is obtained by changing thepolarity of the controlling coil, and Where alterna ing current isemployed the `change in direction ofrotation of thearmature isobtainedby interc'hanging,VFY 100, the conductors supplying; energy to tie armad turecoil, the changel in rotation. being thus 'effected by achange in phase relation of the currents in the field and armaturecoils.'

ln Fig. 5 of the drawings, l show a modivfication ofiny invention inwhich in lieu of providing a relay in which the armature is movableA toany of a plurality of active .positions and in lwhich the magnetfieldinclndes an energizable field coil, a construction is'provided inwhich the arma-ture is movable only 'to oneactive positionand themagnetfield comprises a permanent magnet. .ln thisform of my invention I alsoprovide a casing including 'a casing` body 23 and the casing covei` 24therefor for housing,` the operative parts of the mechanism, the 'casingcover V2t lbeing provided With one set of binding posts J1, the otherset of binding,- posts being eliminated, and carried by the cover thereis provided in a manner similar to that heretofore described thelplurality of supporting brackets which carry a permanent magnet 10 alsoprovided With the oppositely irectedbranches 13 terminating in the polefaces 14: vbetween which is oscillatably movable the coil 15 Wound onframe 16 and rock-- ably mounted inthe cradle frame 17', a stationarycore piece 20 non-rotatably mounted Within thev coil 15 being'alsoprovided. ln

the said coil being` movable in oppo-v site directions for controllingldifferent circuits When the said coil is energizedin either of oppositemanners. y y Y '2 For `controllinggthe,operating circuits there or morecontact means controlled by the motionof the relay armature, thesecontact means inthe'preferred construction including a. plurality ofindependent contact elem-ents each comprisinga stationary contactelementV 32 electrically connected to a binding postsuch as 33 and amovable conf fi'iferet electrically connected to a bindingpost 35, thesaid binding posts 33 and 35 being also carried by the casing cover 24as clearly shown in the drawings, the contact elements 32" `and 34beiner normally out lof contacting relation and being,lr adapted to bebrought into contacting relation When the armature coil 15v is moved toan active position. In the construction shown `in Figs. 1 to 4.1 providea plurality `of sets of contact elements` one set comprising` the threecontact means selectivelv designated as J, and the other set comprisingthe three contact means selectively designated as J', the set .l beine:operated when the Varmature coil 15 is moved in one direction and theset .l being operated when the armature coil 15 is moved in the oppositedirection.

.the same vthis form of my this form of my invention the Contact fingers34; and buttons 36 engr-age one side of the coil frame 16 to move thearmature coil 15 to a neutral or inactive position, and forcentralizinrT the said armature coil in neutral position there isprovided an abutting member such as thescrew 37 arranged for engagingthe opposite side of the frame-16 to center as clearly shown inthefigure. In invention, the armature coil 15 is normally in a deenergrizedstate, the said coil when enera'izedbeing active for effectingT theclosingot' the contacts .fi-ft and 32'. 5 of the drawings may bemodified by simple changes. to produce a three-position relay with theemnloyment of the permanent magrnet by the addition of another set ofcontact elements, so that upon energization of. the coil 15 inanopposite manner the other set of Acontacts may be operated.

The use and operation of my improved relay will in the main be apparentfrom the above detailed description thereof. It will be apparent thatwhen either or both of the field and armature coils are deenere'ized..the armature coil will be moved to a neutral position by the Contactfingers 34, and that when the armature coil is enereized one or morecontact'means of. a plurality of sets of contact means will beselectively operated, dependingr uponthe manner of energization of thearmature coil. It will be further apparent. thatv the movingF element ofthe '-relay possessesvery little inertia, and is somounted and supportedas to respond sensitively and quickly to changes in' the magnetic fieldof the relay which are of sudden and short duration corresponding-r tosuch changes as are produced by a brief period of cooperation betweenvehicle carried controlling circuits and roadside circuits such as aremet with in the use of train control systems, the changes in themagnetic field being produced by a strong stationary field having amagnetic circuit of very little reluctance. p

Thile I lr'ave shown my device in the preferred forms, it'willv beapparent that many changes vand modifications may be made. in thestructure disclosed without departing from thespirit of the invention,defined in the following' claims. I claim l. A relay'comprising astationary field magrnet'terminating` in oppositely positioned poles. anarmature coil arranged between, said .field poles and movable whenselectively energzed vfrom a neutral position in opposite It will beapparent that'the relay shown inFief.

direetionsto either of two active positions, a stationary core withinthe'coil forming part oi the magnetic circuit of sai-d field magnet, and`independent contact means lcontrolled by movement of said arn'iaturecoil to either of its active positions, the said contact meansincluding' vopposing` elements activeY on the coil for biasing the sameto vits neutralv position. l i

2. Avrelaycomprising a stationary field magnet; terminating inoppositely positioned poles, an armature coil arranged between Saidfieldpoies and movable when selectively eneri `LQ'ized from a neutralposition in opposite directions to` either ottwo activel positions. and

independent y contact means controlled by movement oitsaid .armaturecoil to either of its active positions, said contact means inclndingrresilient contact elements oppositely active on the said armature coilfor biasing the same to its neutral position.. Y

3. A relay comprising a lstationary field maojnet terminating` invoppositely positioned poles, an armature coil arranged between saideidpoles and movable 'from a nentralto an i acti ve.position.,4 astationary corewithin the coil forming part ofthe magnetic circuit ofsaidiield magnet, and a plurality of Contact means spaced longitndinallyof and controlled. by the movement of said armature coil, each of saidContact means comprising a stationary Contact element and a resilientmovable contactelement engaging said coil and active for biasing saidcoil. to, its neutral posit-ion.

4t. A `relay comprising a stationary tield magnet terminating inoppositely positioned poles, an armature coil arranged between saidfield poles and movable when selectively ener- ,sizedfrom a neutralposition in opposite directions to either et the two active positions, aplurality of pairs of contact means controlled by the movement ofsaidarn'iature coil to either-of'itsactive positions, the contact meansof each pair beine' arranged on opposite sides ingY spaced.longitudinally vof said coil, each of said contactvmeans comprising astationary Contact element and a movable resilient Contact elementengaging' the armature coil for biasingrth'e same to its neutralposition, the movablecontaetA elements of VaV pair of contact meansbeing arranged toact .in op-v position.

of said coil and thepairs be- Signed at Chicago, in the county of CookandState of Illinois, this 9th day of Novem` ber, A. D. 19 a Y CARL G.HARl/VIG.

